What Is SAD?
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) is a type of depression that occurs during specific seasons, typically fall and winter. It affects up to 5% of adults and is four times more common in women.
Symptoms
- Persistent low mood and irritability
- Loss of interest in activities
- Fatigue and low energy despite adequate sleep
- Difficulty concentrating
- Changes in appetite (especially carbohydrate cravings)
- Oversleeping
- Social withdrawal
Causes
Reduced sunlight disrupts your circadian rhythm and lowers serotonin levels. It also increases melatonin production, causing excessive sleepiness.
Treatments That Work
Light Therapy: 30 minutes daily with a 10,000-lux light box. Vitamin D Supplementation: Most people with SAD are deficient. Exercise: Especially outdoors during daylight hours. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Highly effective for SAD.
